2020年8月7日金曜日

Songs of innocence : The Chimney sweeper

Songs of innocence : The Chimney sweeper written by William Blake

When my mother died I was very young,

And my father sold me while yet my tongue

Could scarcely cry ’ ‘weep! ‘weep! ‘weep! ‘weep!’

So your chimneys I sweep & in soot I sleep.

There’s little Tom Dacre, who cried when his head

That curled like a lamb’s back, was shaved, so I said,

Hush, Tom! never mind it, for when your head’s bare,

You know that the soot cannot spoil your white hair.’

And so he was quiet, & that very night,

As Tom was a-sleeping he had such a sight!

That thousands of sweepers, Dick, Joe, Ned, & Jack,

Were all of them locked up in coffins of black;

And by came an Angel who had a bright key,

And he opened the coffins & set them all free;

Then down a green plain, leaping, laughing they run,

And wash in a river and shine in the Sun.

Then naked & white, all their bags left behind,

They rise upon clouds, and sport in the wind.

And the Angel told Tom, if he’d be a good boy,

He’d have God for his father & never want joy.

And so Tom awoke; and we rose in the dark

And got with our bags & our brushes to work.

Though the morning was cold, Tom was happy & warm;

So if all do their duty, they need not fear harm.    

     I read the poetry. I don't know if the angel is good or not , because "I"am under a bad situation,but the angel told him to do his work properly;otherwise he wouldn't get a joy. Maybe, he was younger than me and he didn't go to school. He was regarded as a little adult. because of the context of the age, such children  are forced to work. From the poetry, I the thought of each age always put bad or good effect on us, so we should always address several problems around us and give good ways to future children.

Operation Osprey

"This way, gentlemen," said Sergeant Keddle to his colleagues through the megaphone.

     I read Operation Osprey. Its author is David A.Hill. He was born in Walsall, a town in the area of the English Midlands known as The Black Country. The story of the book is about the return of the osprey to the nest in Britain. Ospreys were hunted to extinction by 1910. After this, they were only seen as they migrated to and from their nesting sites in Scandinavia and Russia. The RSPB set up a guard the trees where the birds had nested. Over the nest few years they reared a number of chicks, but some of the eggs were stolen. Eventually, Loch Garten became a Bird Reserve where the public could watch the birds and their chicks. Gradually, the young birds also returned and built nests on other lakes in Scotland and now there are over 100 pairs nesting each year.


The Happy Prince and The Nightingale and the Rose

"Bring me the two most precious things in the city," said God to one of his Angels. 

     I read The Happy Prince and The Nightingale and the Rose. Its author is Oscar Wilde. He is an Irish author who is famous for his poetry,plays and children's stories.

     The story of The Happy Prince is about a beautiful metal statue, the Happy Prince, and a migratory bird. The bird is flying south for the winter and stops for shelter under the statue. The two become good friends and the bird helps the statue to give his riches to the poor of the city. Also, The nightingale and the Rose is about a timeless story love and sacrifice. A young student falls in love with his Professor's daughter. She asks him for a red rose but he hasn't got one to give her. A little nightingale,  moved by student's tears, decides to make a rose for him by sacrificing her own life.

     I read two stories in Japanese when I was a child. They tells us love and helping others by sacrifice. However, I've never such experience, so they in tho book are amazing people and we can learn a lot from their attitudes.


The Red- headed League

 "These little problems help me to escape the boredom of everyday life."

     I read The Red-headed League. Its author is Arthur Conan Doyle. He was the inventor of Sherlock Holmes, the world's most famous fictional detectives. The story first appeared in The Stand Magazine in August 1891, and is one of the stories in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, published in 1892.

Being set in London in 1891, the story follows Sherlock Holmes and his friend, Dr.Watson, as they attempt to solve the strange puzzle described by a red-headed London pawnbroker, Jabes Wilson. Wilson's employee, Vincent Spaulding, tells him about a group founded by an American millionaire, now dead, who also had red hair. Wilson meets Duncan Ross, the chief of the group, and Ross makes him a strange offer: he can earn a great deal of money simply by spending four hours a day at an office, copying out the Encyclopaedia Britannica. He does this for eight weeks, then arrive one day to find the office locked.

     I read the book in Japanese. It is the first Doyle's book I read and interesting.

The Garden Party and Sixpence

"Here you are, my boy. Buy yourself something," said Edward softly, laying the sixpence on Dicky's pillow.

     I read The Garden Party and Sixpence. Its author is Katherine Mansfield Beaumont. She was born on October 14th 1888 in Wellington, New Zealand. She was the daughter of a middle class colonial family. The book was written in the period after Mansfield's brother's death in 1915 when the author wrote a number of stories set in her native New Zealand at the turn of the century.

     The story of The Garden Party is about the Sheridan's large house and garden that is clearly based on her family's opulent home at 75 Tinakori Road in Wellington, where she lived from 1898 to 1903. As the Sheridans prepare for the garden party, Laura, their teenage daughter learns that a neighbouring workman has died. The news distributes and she her and she feels the party should be canceled as a sign of respect. Also, the story of Sixpence tells the story of how the Bendall family's easygoing and understanding attitude to their lively son Dicky is suddenly overturned when a visitor describes her own much more authoritarian method of bringing up her children.

Daisy Miller

'Ah, you are cruel! said the young man,' She's very nice young girl. She is completely uncultivated.' Winterbourne went on.


     I rear Daisy Miller. Its author is Henry James. He was born in New York in 1843 into a wealthy, intellectual family. Daisy Miller was first published in the June and July 1878 issues of Cornhill magazine, in Britain. It was an immediate success and gained James a reputation as an international author. The story is based on a piece of gossip that James recorded in his notebook.

     The story is about a pretty young American girl, Daisy Miller, who is travelling around Europe with her mother and younger brother. Daisy meets a compatriot, Winterbourne, who is fascinated by his open and friendly manner. However, Daisy's flirtatiousness is frowned upon by the other expatriates they meet and her lack of understanding of unsaid rules of society ultimately leads to tragedy.

     In the book, being uneducated, behaving innocent is better for women. This idea is against the present idea. If I lived in the world of Daisy Miller, I would be tired all the time.

A Christmas Carol (long Ver)

 “ Scrooge became as a good friend, as good a boss, and as good a man, as the good old city knew, or any other good old city or town, or country, in the good old world”


 I read "A Christmas Carol". This book teaches the importance of caring for others.
     Merely was dead. Old Marley was as dead as a door-nail. Scrooge and he were business partners for years. Scrooge was his only friend and his only mourner. Scrooge was a cold, greedy, mean, old man! Nobody ever stopped Scrooge in the street to say, “My dear Scrooge, how are you?” And dogs ran away from him. Once upon a time, on Christmas Eve, old Scrooge sat in his office. It was a cold, foggy day. He didn't celebrate Christmas and he was invited to a Christmas party by his nephew, but he didn’t want to go. Scrooge lived in Jacob Marley’s old apartment. When Scrooge put his key in the lock, he saw Marley’s face instead of the knocker. And it became a knocker again. He went to his door. Then, there was Marley, dragging a chain. Scrooge asked him why he was carrying that chain. He answered it’s that I made in life. And more he said that I’m here tonight to warn you. You can still escape my fate. I’m giving you a chance. And three ghosts will come and haunt you. After that, Scrooge was very tired so he went straight to bed. When Scrooge woke up, it was very dark. Scrooge suddenly remembered the ghost come. He decided to lie awake until after one o’clock. The first ghost came to him, the ghost of Christmas past took his hand and flew with him over London. It first showed Scrooge his old boarding school, where he stayed alone, but for his books, while his schoolmates returned to their homes for the Christmas holidays. The second one came to him; he is the ghost of Christmas present. It showed Scrooge visions of the world on Christmas Day, including heart-warming scenes of celebration at the homes of Bob Cratchit and Scrooge’s nephew. The third one came to him. It showed Scrooge a vision of his unmourned death in the near future, as well as the death of Tiny Tim. He was really scared to see things shown by the three ghosts. Finally, he changed his actions to everyone and raised Bob’s payment and helped pay for Tim’s care. He became a good man, and everyone came like to him. Many people said, “Mr Scrooge knows how to celebrate Christmas, better than any other man on earth.” He is a really good man, at last.

Character Person
1. Scrooge
He is a cold, greedy, mean old man. The cold within him froze his old face. It made his eyes red and his lips blue. His voice is unkind. He had  only one friend, Marley. But Marley died at the beginning of this story. On Christmas Day, someone said “Merry Christmas” to him but he didn’t say anything and ignored it and didn’t want to celebrate Christmas.

2. Marley
He is Scrooge’s only friend. He died at the beginning of this story. But he appeared in front of Scrooge as a ghost. Sometimes as a knocker, again as a ghost. He was dragging a chain. It was long, and moved behind like a tail. Steel cash-boxes, keys, padlocks, and heavy purses hung from the chain. The chain is a thing to make his life. He wound it around himself. Then, he told Scrooge that three ghosts will come to him.

3. Bob Cratchit
He is the abused, underpaid clerk of Ebenezer Scrooge. He has poor working conditions, especially long working hours. He has a warm family. He has three daughters and three sons. They are poor but happy to live with helping each other.

4. Tiny Tim Cratchit
He is the youngest Cratchit child. He was given some kind of illness, and cannot walk without a crutch. He passed away because his father could not provide him good health. Finally, Scrooge raised Bob’s salary and helped pay for Tiny Tim’s medical treatment.

5. Nephew
He is Scrooge’s nephew. His catchphrase, “Bah! Humbug!” is often used to express disgust with many modern Christmas traditions. He is depicted as an embodiment of the Christmas spirit. He is Scrooge’s only living relative. He is unlike his uncle; he is a kind-hearted, generous, cheerful, and optimistic man who loves Christmas.

6. The first of the three ghosts
It was very strange. It was the height of a child but it looked like an old man. Its long hair was white like an old man’s, but there were no wrinkles on its face. It wore a white tunic, and a bright jet of light beamed out from the top of its head. It held a big cap under its arm. After appearing in Scrooge’s house, the ghost of Christmas past took his hand and flies with him over London. It first showed Scrooge his old boarding school, where he stayed alone, but for his books, while his schoolmates returned to their homes for the Christmas holidays.

7. The second of the three ghosts
On the throne of food, there sat a jolly giant with a glowing torch. The eyes are very kind. It wore a green robe, bordered with white fur. Its feet were bare. It wore a holly wreath on its head. It had long curly hair, a kind face and a cheerful voice. He is the ghost of Christmas present. It showed Scrooge visions of the world on Christmas Day, including heartwarming scenes of celebration at the homes of Bob Cratchit and Scrooge’s nephew.

8. The third of the three ghosts
It was a solemn ghost. It was hooded and it was moving like a mist along the ground, towards him. It moved through the air, it scattered gloom. The ghost wore a black robe. The robe covered its head, its face and its body. The only thing visible was a hand. It neither spoke nor moved. He only pointed somethings. It showed Scrooge a vision of his unmourned death in the near future, as well as the death of Tiny Tim.

connect
This book teaches the importance of caring for others.  Scrooge is a protagonist who is a protagonist who doesn't want to spend money and time for others.  On Christmas Day, the spirits of past, present, and future are taken to teach you the importance of love.  Although it is a work of the 19th century, I felt the universality of the 21st century, when the world is divided into rich and poor.  By drawing a lonely gentleman against the backdrop of a world-wide event called Christmas, I felt the author's passion about how to live the second half of my life.  Anyone can be a scrooge regardless of the times, so I think we have to be careful about how we interact with people.

vocabulary

p6~7
carol: a song sung at Christmas time
relevant: important
sympathiser: supporter; someone who understood
oppressed: people who are not free or who haven't got the same rights as others

p13
chief mourner: friend or relative of the dead person
clergyman: religious leader
frost: covering of ice
froze: stop moving because of the cold
hanuts: visits (of a ghost)
thaw: make ice melt
undertaker: person who organises funerals

p14
beggars: poor people asking for money
cell: very small room, like a prison
neighbouring: next door
poured in: a lot came in quickly
stamping: putting down heavily

p16~p17
humbug: hypocrite
charitable: when you help others
stake: wooden stick with a sharp nd like a knife

p18~19
poked the fire: moved the cpals to make the fire burn better
put out: stopped burning
muttered: talked quietly( usually when angry or complang)

p20~p21
frowned: looked angry
in operation: working; in use
to raise money: collect money for a person or thing

p22
grew thicker: there was more fog
shivering shaking with cold

p24~25
at long last: finally
rundown: old and in bad condition
feel his way: touch in order to be sure of the way
knocker: metal object on a door
p26~27
echoed: heard again and again
cravat: neck tie men wore in the past
dressing-gown: long piece of clothing worn over night clothes
gruel: food which poor people ate
barrels: large round containers for food or liquid
clanking: when two metal objects hit each other

p29
jaws: bones
mercy: forgiveness and understanding
steel: hard matal
to his horror: he was shocked

p30~31
shadowy: like a ghost
welfare: good health and happiness

p32~33
flung:threw
floated: moved slowly through air
strikes: sound of a clock
wide open: completely open
pleaded: asked in a strong and serious way

p34~35
waistcoat: jacket without sleeves
beamed: shone; came out of
flew open: opened quickly and suddenly
jet: strong, thin line
wrinkles: lines on people’s faces showing age

p39
rubbed his hands: moved his hands together

p40
cosiest: most comfortable and like home
clear away: make space; tidy up
fiddler: person who plays the violine

p49
bordered with: at the borders/ends
shovelling away: clearing
wreath: circle of flowers worn in the head

p50~51
bless: ask for God’s protection, happiness or good fortune
threadbare: thin and old clothes

p55
for your sake: for you; for your good
rebuke: critisism
indignantly: shocked and angrily

p56
indignantly: shocked and angrily

p59
campaigned: worked to make people aware of something

p60
solemn: serious and unhappy-looking
yet to come:in the future


2020年8月6日木曜日

The stolen white elephant ( long ver)

      " Naturally the chief is the hero and his happiness is complete. I am happy for him although now I am a homeless beggar. "( P 54 L 4~6)
      I read " The Stolen White Elephant." The story of the book is about a white elephant. A man who is trying to deliver a white elephant gets a phone call in the middle of the night: the white elephant has been stolen. He hurries to New York City and goes to the headquarters of the police force. He tells the chief of the force, Inspector Blunt, everything. Inspector Blunt asks him to describe the elephant. Inspector Blunt sends his policemen to look for the elephant and the thieves. Messages begin to come into the telegraphic machine. A large number of telegrams come in from detectives who are following clues throughout New Jersey and Pennsylvania. The detectives sends their reports every hour. Each one is following the elephant, but no one finds it. After two weeks the elephant is lost. He must have found a place to hide during the fog. News about the elephant stops. Two weeks after the elephant’s disappearance, Inspector Blunt suggests that he raise the reward. In the basement, Inspector Blunt falls over a large object. When Inspector Blunt comes back his eyes are happy. The man lifts a candle and walks down into the basement of the building. it is dark and frightening and there is a very bad smell. He feels sick and wants to go back. They found a dead white elephant. Naturally the chief is the hero and his happiness is complete. The man is happy for the Inspector although now the man is a homeless beggar, his elephant is dead, and he has no job.
Next, Something connected to the book as follows; "The Stolen White Elephant" is a short story written by Mark Twain – Twain in 1907 ・ Samuel Clemens, age 15

and published in 1882 by James R. Osgood; In this detective

Detective fiction – Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849) ・Wilkie Collins (1824–1889)

mystery; Mystery fiction – Mystery, 1934 mystery fiction magazine cover ・Novels by Agatha Christie

a Siamese white elephant; White elephant (animal) – A royal white elephant ・A white elephant in Naypyidaw, Myanmar en route from Siam to Britain as a gift to the Queen, disappears in New Jersey; the local police department goes into high gear to solve the mystery but it all comes to a tragic end; the main characters of the story include: Mark Twain, who functions as the initial speaker and author of the story: An elderly gentleman, an Englishman in the British civil service in India, who told the story to Twain during a train ride and is in charge of transporting the white elephant.

Also, you can see how the story goes and who appeared in the book by URL below.


https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EXrw5wdFl7ZrBEuGKyXYveHwW4X8h6ej/view?usp=sharing


https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1qwtqHzOPnU6QT-5UiDisEw2dAt9zWtYTW6MHozdn66k/edit?usp=sharing


[ Vocabulary]

leave out: omit; not include

indifferent to: does not care about

insignificant: not important

clues: things that help you solve a  problem or a mystery




The Ring

 The Ring by Barnerd Smith It was good